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Vault (organelle)
The vault or vault cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein is a eukaryotic organelle whose function is not fully understood. Discovered and successfully isolated by cell biologist Nancy Kedersha and biochemist Leonard Rome of the UCLA School of Medicine in the 1980s, vaults are cytoplasmic organelles which under an electron microscope resemble the arches of a cathedral vault, with 39-fold symmetry.〔 They are present in many types of eukaryotic cells and appear to be highly conserved amongst eukaryotes. Vaults become part of lipid rafts where they may play a role fighting pathogens.
== Morphology ==
Vaults are large ribonucleoprotein particles. About 3 times the size of a ribosome and weighing approximately 13 MDa, they are found in many diverse eukaryotic cells. They measure 34 nm by 60 nm from a negative stain, 26 nm by 49 nm from cryo-electron microscopy, and 35 nm by 59 nm from STEM. The vaults consist primarily of proteins, making it difficult to stain with conventional techniques. The protein structure consists of many major vault proteins (MVP) bound to one of the two minor vault proteins. Two large complexes of several MVP's and a minor vault protein close together to form the barrel-like vault organelle. They also contain small vault RNAs (vRNAs, also known as vtRNAs) of 86–141 bases within.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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